Chloral hydrate , AR,>99.0%(T) , 302-17-0

Synonym(s):
Trichloroacetaldehyde hydrate

CAS NO.：302-17-0

Empirical Formula: C2H3Cl3O2

Molecular Weight: 165.4

MDL number: MFCD00044479

EINECS: 206-117-5

PRODUCT Properties

• Melting point: 57 °C(lit.)
• Boiling point: 97 °C
• Density: 1.43 g/mL at 20 °C
• vapor pressure: 19.998hPa at 25℃
• refractive index: 1.4603 (estimate)
• Flash point: 16 °C
• storage temp.: 0-6°C
• solubility: Very soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol (96 per cent).
• pka: 10(at 25℃)
• form: A crystalline solid
• Specific Gravity: 1.91
• PH: 3.5-5.5 (20℃, 10%)
• Water Solubility: 660 g/100 mL
• Merck: 13,2080
• BRN: 1698497
• Dielectric constant: 5.5（15℃）
• Stability: Stable, but may be air or light sensitive. Incompatible with alcohols, cyanides, iodine, strong bases, carbonates.
• InChIKey: RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• LogP: 1.092 at 25℃

Description and Uses

Chloral hydrate is one of the oldest sedatives used for dental sedation. It was first synthesized in 1832 by Justus von Liebig and was the first synthetic central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It was used to treat delirium tremens, insomnia, and anxiety, although it is considered an unapproved drug by the US Food and Drug Administration. Initially considered to be a safer alternative to opium, it was noted to produce rapid unconsciousness when combined with ethanol. Physical dependence can occur with chronic use.
Chloral hydrate is classified as a sedative-hypnotic and is known to induce sleep in children. It has been very popular in pediatric dentistry since the mid-1950s. Chloral hydrate is rapidly absorbed following oral administration and is converted through its first pass in the liver to trichloroethanol，its active form. Trichloroethanol is conjugated in the liver and excreted in the urine. Like other agents that are metabolized in the liver, chloral hydrate may interact with other drugs, herbs, or foods resulting in clinically significant alterations of the agents (e.g.,warfarin).

Chloral hydrate is used as an intermediate in the production of insecticides, herbicides and hypnotic drugs. It has also been widely used as a sedative or hypnotic drug in humans at oral doses of up to about 750-1000 mg/day. Chloral hydrate is used as a sedative hypnotic, more commonly in pediatrics. With the advent of newer sedative hypnotics, its use has significantly decreased. It is also a drug of abuse, particularly in combination with ethanol to produce an amnestic effect in an individual who ingests it unknowingly.

Safety

• Symbol(GHS): GHS06,GHS08
• Signal word: Danger
• Hazard statements: H301-H315-H319-H330-H373
• Precautionary statements: P260-P264-P302+P352-P304+P340+P310-P305+P351+P338-P314
• Hazard Codes: T,F,Xn
• Risk Statements: 25-36/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-36/37/38-36-20/21/22
• Safety Statements: 26-45-25-23-36/37-16-27
• RIDADR: UN 3286 3/PG 2
• WGK Germany: 2
• RTECS: FM8750000
• HazardClass: 6.1(b)
• PackingGroup: III
• HS Code: 29055900
• Toxicity: LD50 oral in rat: 479mg/kg