PRODUCT Properties
| Melting point: | 160-161 ºC |
| alpha | D20 +50° (c = 1.03 in acetonitrile) |
| Boiling point: | 757.2±60.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Density | 1.4162 (rough estimate) |
| refractive index | 1.6510 (estimate) |
| storage temp. | Keep in dark place,Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| solubility | DMSO (Sparingly), Dioxane (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) |
| pka | pKa 2.5 (Uncertain) |
| form | Solid |
| color | White to Off-White |
| Water Solubility | 158 MG/L |
| λmax | 263nm(H2O)(lit.) |
| Merck | 14,1982 |
Description and Uses
Cephalothin is a semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs participate in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall, and in reshaping the cell wall during cell division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.
A first generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a wide range antibacterial activity. It is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and has been tested in respiratory disease and neuromuscular junction studies.
Cephalothin is most effective against Gram-positive cocci and is also effective against several Gram-negative organisms. First generation cephalosporins are used primarily to treat skin and soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Cephalothin is ineffective against enterococci and evidence of in vitro sensitivity should be discounted.
Safety
| Symbol(GHS) |  GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H317-H334 |
| Precautionary statements | P261-P272-P280g-P285-P302+P352-P304+P341-P333+P313-P342+P311-P363-P403-P501c |
| RTECS | XI0388000 |
| Toxicity | LD50 intracrebral in mouse: 81mg/kg |
