INSULIN , 99.9% , 9004-10-8

CAS NO.：9004-10-8

Empirical Formula: C256H381N65O77S6

Molecular Weight: 5793.54

MDL number: MFCD00131380

PRODUCT Properties

• Melting point: 233 °C
• Density: 1.09 g/cm3
• storage temp.: 2-8°C
• solubility: acidified water, pH 2.0: 2 mg/mL
• form: solution

Description and Uses

Insulin is a polypeptide hormone that consists of two peptide chains bonded by two disulfide bonds. The two chains are designated A and B. The A chain consists of 21 amino acids with a third internal disulfidebond, and the B chain contains the remaining 30 amino acids. All vertebrates produce insulin and the structure is similar in these species. For example, the insulin produced in humans and porcine species differs by only one amino acid, and humans and bovine insulin differ by three amino acids. Insulin plays a crucial role in several physiological processes. These include the regulation of sugar in the body, fatty acid synthesis, formation of triglycerides, and amino acid synthesis.
Insulin also promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver. In this manner, insulin maintains glucose at a stable level in the bloodstream. Insulin is most closely associated with diabetes. Diabetes results in excess blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) and the inability of cells to absorb glucose, which in turn deprives them of energy.

Insulin plays a crucial role in several physiologicalprocesses. These include the regulation of sugar in the body, fatty acid synthesis, formation oftriglycerides, and amino acid synthesis.=Insulin also promotes the storage of glucose as glycogenin the liver. In this manner, insulin maintains glucose at a stable level in the bloodstream.Insulin is most closely associated with diabetes.
Diabetes must be managed by monitoring blood sugarlevels throughout the day, and using this information to adjust the diet and activities to keepblood glucose in an acceptable range; Insulin is usually administered through injections, but it can be deliveredusing other methods. Insulin pumps are small electronic devices that deliver insulin accordingto a programmed schedule throughout the day. In recent years oral sprays have beendeveloped to augment but not replace injected insulin. Another area of interest is deliveryusing dermal patches. Insulin cannot be delivered using conventional pills because stomachacidity denatures insulin. Although lack of insulin results in hyperglycemia,it is importantwhen administering insulin to prevent hypoglycemia. In hypoglycemia blood sugar is too low.Hypoglycemia in diabetics can occur from too much insulin, lack of food, exercise, or lackof carbohydrates. Its symptoms include increased heart rate, nervousness, perspiration, andshakiness. When this condition is recognized, diabetics consume carbohydrates such as candy,fruit,or fruit juice to boost blood sugar levels. In extreme cases,a person can have a severereaction and experience seizures or fall into a coma. Severe reaction to insulin is referred toas insulin shock.

Safety

• Symbol(GHS): GHS08
• Signal word: Danger
• Hazard statements: H334
• Precautionary statements: P261-P285-P304+P341-P342+P311-P501
• Safety Statements: 22-24/25
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: NM8900250
• F: 3-10