Perchloric acid , GR,70.0-72.0% , 7601-90-3
Synonym(s):
PCA;Perchloric Acid;Perchloric acid solution
CAS NO.：7601-90-3
Empirical Formula: ClHO4
Molecular Weight: 100.46
MDL number: MFCD00011325
EINECS: 231-512-4
PRODUCT Properties
| Melting point: | -18 °C |
| Boiling point: | 203 °C |
| Density | 1.664 g/mL at 25 °C |
| vapor density | ~2.1 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 6.8 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| refractive index | 1.419 |
| Flash point: | 104 °F |
| storage temp. | Flammables area |
| solubility | Water (Sparingly) |
| form | Solution |
| pka | -7[at 20 ℃] |
| color | APHA: ≤10 |
| Specific Gravity | approximate 1.54 |
| Odor | Odorless |
| PH | 0.1 (H2O, 20°C) |
| Water Solubility | Miscible with water. |
| Merck | 14,7153 |
| Stability: | Stable. Avoid heat. May form explosive peroxides. Incompatible with a wide variety of substances, including organic materials, alcohols, amines, strong acids, strong bases, acid anhydrides, finely powdered metals, strong reducing agents. Contact with wood, paper and other celullose products may lead to explosion, as may contact with a vari |
| InChIKey | VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -4.62 |
Description and Uses
Perchloric acid is a corrosive inorganic liquid that is colorless,
odorless, and oily in nature. It is miscible with water and has
a boiling point of 203 °C, a melting point of 19 °C, and a low
vapor pressure of 6.8mmHg at 25 °C. A cold 70% aqueous
perchloric acid solution is considered to be a strong acid or
superacid (stronger than sulfuric and nitric acids) but is not
necessarily a strong oxidizing agent. However, as the concentration
and temperature of the perchloric acid are increased, so
does its oxidizing power. Hot concentrated solutions of
perchloric acid can be extremely dangerous (explosion hazard,
fire hazard). Perchloric acid can react violently at room
temperature with cellulose materials (e.g., wood, paper),
oxidizable organic materials (e.g., alcohols, ketones, and
aldehydes), and strong basic materials, resulting in an
increased risk of fire and/or explosion. When heated, perchloric
acid can decompose and generate toxic and corrosive fumes.
Many types of metals can react with perchloric acid to produce
flammable/explosive gases. Because perchloric acid becomes
increasingly unstable (volatile) with increasing concentration,
it is not marketed at concentrations greater than 72% v/v in
water. It may explode by shock or concussion as an anhydrous
material (e.g., if a spill of 70% perchloric acid is allowed to
dehydrate). Mixtures of perchlorates with oxidizable
substances are often explosive. Perchloric acid is attracted to
water and disassociates readily to yield the perchlorate anion.
The toxicity of perchloric acid comes from the toxicity of the
perchlorate anion.
The potential danger of working with perchloric acid is
sadly illustrated in a workplace tragedy. A mixture of perchloric
acid and acetic anhydride exploded in a Los Angeles factory in
1947, killing 15, injuring 400, and causing $2 million in
damages.
Perchloric acid salts are used as explosivesand in metal plating. They are also used as anoxidizer and as a reagent in chemical analysis. These salts are produced by distillingpotassium chlorate with concentrated H2SO4under reduced pressure..
Safety
| Symbol(GHS) |     GHS03,GHS05,GHS07,GHS08 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H271-H290-H302-H314-H373 |
| Precautionary statements | P210-P280-P301+P312-P303+P361+P353-P305+P351+P338-P314 |
| Hazard Codes | C,O,Xi |
| Risk Statements | 5-8-35-10-34-36/38 |
| Safety Statements | 23-26-36-45-36/37/39 |
| RIDADR | UN 2920 8/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | SC7500000 |
| F | 3 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 485 °C |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 3822 00 00 |
| HazardClass | 8 |
| PackingGroup | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 oral (rat) 1100 mg/kg LD50 oral (dog) 400 mg/kg |
