Acetonitrile , >99.5%(GC) , 75-05-8
Synonym(s):
ACN;Acetonitrile;Methyl cyanide;Acetonitrile solution;Cyanomethane
CAS NO.：75-05-8
Empirical Formula: C2H3N
Molecular Weight: 41.05
MDL number: MFCD00001878
EINECS: 200-835-2
PRODUCT Properties
| Melting point: | ?45 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point: | 81-82 °C (lit.) |
| Density | 0.786 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| vapor density | 1.41 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 72.8 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index | n |
| Flash point: | 48 °F |
| storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| solubility | organic solvents: soluble(lit.) |
| pka | 25(at 25℃) |
| form | liquid |
| Specific Gravity | approximate 0.78(20/20℃) |
| color | <10(APHA) |
| Odor | Aromatic ether-like odor detectable at 40 ppm |
| Relative polarity | 0.46 |
| explosive limit | 3.0-17%(V) |
| Odor Threshold | 13ppm |
| Water Solubility | miscible |
| λmax | λ: 195 nm Amax: ≤0.12 λ: 200 nm Amax: ≤0.032 λ: 230 nm Amax: ≤0.0044 λ: 235 nm Amax: ≤0.0044 λ: 250 nm Amax: ≤0.0044 λ: 400 nm Amax: ≤0.0044 |
| Merck | 14,70 |
| BRN | 741857 |
| Henry's Law Constant | 7.30 at 5 °C, 8.90 at 10 °C, 11.6 at 15 °C, 14.6 at 20 °C, 17.6 at 25 °C (headspace-GC, Ji and
Evans, 2007) |
| Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 70 mg/m3 (40 ppm) (ACGIH and OSHA); STEL 105 mg/m3 (60 ppm) (ACGIH); IDLH 4000 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Dielectric constant | 37.5（21℃） |
| Stability: | Incompatible with alkali metals, acids, bases, reducing agents and oxidizing agents. Highly flammable. |
| LogP | -0.340 |
Description and Uses
Acetonitrile is a liquid with an etherlike odor. It is a highly polar, volatile solvent used in many different industrial applications. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, photographic, chemical, and analytical industries. It is useful as an industrial solvent for the separation of olefins, polymers, spinning fibers, and plastics. Other uses include the extraction and refining of copper and by-product ammonium sulfate; used for dyeing textiles and in coating compositions; used as a stabilizer for chlorinated solvents; manufacture of perfumes and cosmetics; and as a general reagent in a wide variety of chemical processes.
Acetonitrile is the simplest organic nitrile. It is a by-product of the manufacture of acrylonitrile, and acetonitrile has, in fact, replaced acrylonitrile. Acetonitrile has a number of uses, primarily as an extraction solvent for butadiene; as a chemical interme- diate in pesticide manufacturing; as a solvent for both inorganic and organic compounds; to remove tars, phenols, and coloring matter from petroleum hydrocarbons not soluble in acetonitrile; in the production of acrylic fi bers; in pharmaceuticals, perfumes, nitrile rubber, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins; in high-performance liquid and gas chro- matographic analysis; and in extraction and refi ning of copper. It is used as a starting material for the produc- tion of acetophenone, alpha-naphthalenacetic acid, thiamine, and acetamidine.
Safety
| Symbol(GHS) |   GHS02,GHS07 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H225-H302+H312+H332-H319 |
| Precautionary statements | P210-P280-P301+P312-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P312-P305+P351+P338 |
| Hazard Codes | F,Xi,Xn,T |
| Risk Statements | 11-36-20/21/22-10-36/37/38-23/24/25-41-24-20/22 |
| Safety Statements | 16-36/37-45-36/37/39-27-26-36 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 20 ppm (34 mg/m3) |
| RIDADR | UN 1993 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | AL7700000 |
| F | 9 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 524 °C |
| Hazard Note | Highly Flammable/Harmful/Irritant |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HazardClass | 3 |
| PackingGroup | II |
| HS Code | 29269095 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 3800 mg/kg (Smyth) |
| IDLA | 137 ppm |
